The hottest renewable energy storage mode in China

Opportunities and challenges coexist in China's renewable energy + energy storage mode

due to the rapid reduction of the cost and performance improvement of renewable energy power generation and energy storage system, it provides opportunities for the promotion of the "renewable energy + energy storage" mode

the combined application of energy storage technology and renewable energy power generation may be an important means to realize the large-scale application of renewable energy in the future. The combination of energy storage technology and renewable energy power generation technology can make energy storage and renewable energy become a joint system, so as to reduce fluctuations, enhance the flexibility of the power system, and make its output controllable and schedulable

there are three main modes for the combined application of energy storage technology and renewable energy power generation

the first is load management, which is used to store the power that cannot be consumed in time when there is excess renewable energy generation, and to distribute the stored power during peak power consumption. When the electrical load is low, renewable energy is used to generate electricity to charge the energy storage device. When the electrical load is high, the energy storage device supplies power to the electricity. For users, in this application mode, the peak valley price difference can be used for arbitrage. For power operators, this application mode can realize the so-called peak shaving and valley filling, and reduce the investment expenditure in power transmission

the second is output management, which is used to stabilize the fluctuation of renewable energy output, store when there is surplus renewable energy power generation, and use when there is insufficient renewable energy power generation. Adding energy storage devices to the renewable energy power generation system can make the power transmission: 380V output more stable to a certain extent, and improve the power generation reliability of the renewable energy system

the third is power quality management, which is to provide continuous high-quality power supply services for end users. In view of the fact that renewable energy power is extremely vulnerable to the impact of the external environment, the combined use of energy storage devices as backup power supply and renewable energy power system can deal with the power interruption caused by emergencies and ensure that power can still be provided to users during the period when renewable energy cannot generate electricity

due to the rapid cost reduction and performance improvement of renewable energy power generation and energy storage system, it provides an opportunity for the promotion of the "renewable energy + energy storage" model. In recent years, the renewable energy power generation industry has developed on a large scale, and its power generation cost can be compared with that of traditional energy. In 2018, the per kilowatt hour cost of photovoltaic power generation in China decreased by nearly 90% compared with that of a decade ago. In some areas rich in lighting resources, the conditions for price parity with coal-fired benchmark have been achieved. However, because the renewable energy represented by wind power photovoltaic has the characteristics of discontinuity and volatility, in order to achieve a wide range of scheduling and consumption, in order to ensure the maximum safety and protect the safety of operators and equipment, we must combine the cooperation of energy storage system to increase the stability and reliability of renewable energy power generation. On the other hand, the development of new energy vehicles has contributed to the rapid development of the lithium battery industry, which has also contributed to the reduction of the cost of the energy storage system to a certain extent, making the lithium battery energy storage system a step closer to commercial application

in terms of policy support, in recent years, favorable policies on the energy storage industry have been issued, and the support for the development of the energy storage industry has been increasing. In September 2017, the government issued the guiding opinions on promoting the development of energy storage technology and industry, which clearly pointed out that we should vigorously support the application of energy storage systems in the field of renewable energy, encourage renewable energy power generation projects to configure energy storage facilities, and promote the consumption of renewable energy. After that, a series of energy storage industry policies have been issued from the central government to the local government, aiming to promote the construction of energy storage industry and promote the consumption of renewable energy. These favorable policies also provide good development opportunities for the development of "renewable energy + energy storage"

from the perspective of the resource reserves of battery raw materials, we will teach you the working principle of the digital sensor of the electronic universal experimental machine. Starting from the fact that China has a good endowment of lithium mineral resources, it is estimated that the proven lithium mineral reserves are about 3.2 million tons, mainly distributed in the northwest, of which Tibet, Qinghai and Sichuan are the most abundant. Lithium ore is an important raw material for the production of lithium batteries. Its rich resource reserves also provide a resource guarantee for the development of storage and processing. In terms of technology, a number of internationally influential energy storage technology companies represented by Ningde times and BYD have emerged in many years of industrial practice. Therefore, China has great potential in the field of "renewable energy (photovoltaic) + energy storage" in terms of resource endowment and technical reserves

however, the development of "renewable energy + energy storage" still faces many problems and challenges

first, in terms of policies, most of the current industrial policies related to energy storage are still at the level of macro planning, lack of implementation rules, and have not yet created an external market environment conducive to the development of the energy storage industry. Compared with the importance of energy storage, subsidies and tax incentives for the energy storage industry are far from enough

secondly, in terms of business model, the profit model of the energy storage industry is still too single, mainly relying on arbitrage from the peak valley price difference. In addition to peak valley price difference arbitrage, the value of energy storage in power auxiliary services, transmission and distribution and other fields should also be tapped to enrich the profit model of "renewable energy + energy storage"

finally, in terms of lithium resource development, although it has rich lithium resource reserves, due to relatively poor development conditions, imperfect supporting facilities and environmental protection factors, the degree of development and utilization of lithium resources is still very low. At present, a large number of lithium materials are still dependent on foreign imports, which has hidden dangers for the rapid development of the energy storage industry

in the future, electric vehicles will be used as mobile energy storage devices to realize the bidirectional output of electricity between electric vehicles and electricity. In view of the rapid development of electric vehicles, the power battery of each electric vehicle can be regarded as a mobile energy storage device. At present, the production and sales of electric vehicles are growing rapidly, which can become a powerful supplement to the energy storage installed capacity needed in the future. However, the practical application of this mode will also face many problems, such as the construction of power transmission infrastructure to support a large number of electric vehicles. In addition, with the help of interconnection, we need to build a platform system to provide information interaction for the interaction between electric vehicles and electricity, and provide interactive information services for users

the cascade utilization of retired batteries mainly refers to the disassembly of batteries that cannot meet the normal driving requirements of electric vehicles and meet the retirement standards (for example, the battery capacity is less than 80%), which are reused in the energy storage field with relatively low requirements for battery capacity and performance after a series of processes such as recycling

in the commercial operation of the echelon utilization of retired power batteries, the key is to control the costs of all links involved in the reuse of retired batteries. On the one hand, the government needs to increase scientific research investment in the field of echelon utilization of retired power, and reduce the echelon utilization cost through technological innovation. On the other hand, business model innovation is needed to encourage recycling enterprises to achieve large-scale development and operation. Therefore, the energy storage industry should include the use of retired power battery energy storage when formulating relevant supporting policies